#include <cstdio>
#include <cassert>
 
#define TLIMIT 1000
#define NLIMIT 1000
 
int main() {
	int t;
	scanf("%d", &t);
	assert(1 <= t && t <= TLIMIT);
	while(t--) {
		int n, m;
		scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
		assert(1 <= n && n <= NLIMIT);
		assert(1 <= m && m <= NLIMIT);
		printf("%.7lf\n", (double)n+m-1);
	}
}